4.1 Kelvin Formulation of the Second Law
4.2 Carnot Cycle. Heat Engine. Thermodynamic Temperature
4.3 Entropy. Reversible and Irreversible Processes. Equilibrium
4.3.1 Definition
4.3.2 The Second Law, Entropy and Spontaneity of Processes
4.3.3 System in Contact with a Single Thermal Reservoir
4.3.4 Clausius Inequality
4.3.2 The Second Law, Entropy and Spontaneity of Processes
4.3.3 System in Contact with a Single Thermal Reservoir
4.3.4 Clausius Inequality
4.3.5
Differential Expression for the Internal Energy and Enthalpy of a
Closed System
4.3.6 Equilibrium Condition
4.3.7 Thermal Equilibrium
4.3.8 Isothermal (Reversible) Expansion of an Ideal Gas
4.3.9 Monothermal Irreversible Expansion of an Ideal Gas
4.3.10 Reversible Adiabatic Process of an Ideal Gas
4.4 Carnot Cycle and Entropy4.3.6 Equilibrium Condition
4.3.7 Thermal Equilibrium
4.3.8 Isothermal (Reversible) Expansion of an Ideal Gas
4.3.9 Monothermal Irreversible Expansion of an Ideal Gas
4.3.10 Reversible Adiabatic Process of an Ideal Gas
4.5 Heat Engines, Refrigerators, Heat Pumps
4.5.1 Thermal
Machines
4.5.2 Efficiency of an Engine
4.5.3 Performance of a Refrigerator
4.5.4 Performance of a Heat Pump
4.6 Otto Cycle or Beau de Rochas Cycle4.5.2 Efficiency of an Engine
4.5.3 Performance of a Refrigerator
4.5.4 Performance of a Heat Pump
4.7 Stirling Cycle
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main pageModified January 10 2007