Thermodynamics Lectures

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Spring semester 2007 – Part II
For chemistry and chemical engineering students, Bachelor second year      Fall Semester

Course Objective :

The basic knowledge is applied to reactive systems.  Reaction variables are defined and evaluated.  The conditions for the chemical equilibrium are established for various kinds of systems.  Instructive examples are presented as part of the course.  Ideal and then real solutions are dealt with.   If time is available, a short chapter on statistical mechanics is presented. 

All of this material is applied to problems with various degrees of sophistication.

  Course textbook : The Bases of Chemical Thermodynamics, Graetzel & Infelta, Volume 2
Problems assignments for the current year


Course content   
Version française

9  Energetics of Chemical Reactions

9.1  Introduction

9.2  The Extent of Reaction

9.3  Variables of Reaction

9.4  Hess's Law

9.5  Kirchhoff's Equation

9.6  Effect of Temperature on the Entropy of Reaction and the Gibbs Energy of Reaction

9.7  Conversion of Chemical Energy into Work

9.8  Effect of the Choice of the Standard State Pressure on the Tabulated Thermodynamic Values

9.9  Variables of Combustion

10  Chemical Equilibria

10.1  Introduction

10.2  Spontaneous Reaction and Equilibrium Condition

10.3  Change in G(ξ) with the Extent of Reaction

10.4  Affinity

10.5  Law of Mass Action for a Mixture of Gases

10.6  Chemical Equilibrium in the Presence of Pure Condensed Phases

10.7  Independent Reactions

10.8  Phase Rule for Systems with Chemical Reactions

10.9  Effect of Temperature on the Equilibrium Constant

10.10  Displacement Laws of Equilibria

10.11  Reduction of Iron Oxides

11  Thermodynamics of Perfect and Ideal Solutions

11.1  Introduction

11.2  Perfect Solution

11.3  Mixing Properties of Ideal Solutions

11.4  Effect of Pressure and Temperature on Liquid Vapor Equilibria

11.5  Depression of the Freezing Temperature of a Solvent in the Presence of a Solute

11.6  Elevation of the Boiling Temperature of a Solvent in the Presence of a Non Volatile Solute

11.7  Osmotic Pressure

12  Non Ideal Solutions

12.1  Introduction

12.2  Variables and Excess Variables of Mixing

12.3  Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Activity Coefficient

12.4  Standard State – Convention I for the Activity Coefficient

12.5  Applications of the Gibbs–Duhem Equation

12.6  Isothermal Diagram

12.7  Isobaric Diagram

12.8  Standard State – Convention II for the Activity Coefficient

12.9  Liquid – Liquid Extraction

12.10  Other Composition Scales and Standard States

12.11  Law of Mass Action for Liquid Phase Systems

12.12  Electrolytes

13  Statistical Mechanics

13.1  Introduction

13.2  Statistical Models

13.3  Stirling's Approximations

13.4  Microcanonical Ensemble

13.5  Thermodynamic Functions for a System of Corrected Boltzons

13.6  A Simple System

13.7  Internal Degrees of Freedom

13.8  Microcanonical Partition Functions

13.9  Canonical Ensemble

13.10  Canonical Partition Function for Independent Particles

13.11  Heat Capacities of a Crystal

13.12  Evaluation of Entropies

13.13  Third Law of Thermodynamics

13.14  Implications of the Third Law


Fall Semester